While unearthing nuggets of 'black gold' evokes scenic images of foraging in woodlands, the search for edible truffles can be a big business.
Edible truffles often command high price tags in restaurants and delis - and black truffles are arguably the most prized of all fungi. Although truffle hunting has long been widespread in mainland Europe, it is not as common in the UK. Hunters closely guard their secret locations, adding to the thrill of unearthing these underground delicacies.
What is a black truffle?
Truffles are symbiotic fungi, mostly of the Tuber genus, which grow either partially or completely below ground. The UK is home to 13 types, the most common being the black summer truffle (Tuber aestivum) and a related variety, the autumn-fruiting Burgundy truffle (Tuber aestivum var. uncinatum). Both have knobbly skins, a little like the fruits of the plane tree, and interiors mottled light brown with white veins.
Can truffles be found in the UK?
Yes, you can find truffles in the UK. Truffles prefer calcareous or lime-rich soil, and are most abundant in areas such as the South Downs and parts of the West Country. They grow on tree roots, favouring beech but also found on oak and hazel. The Lagotto Romagnolo is the best-known truffle-hunting dog, but other breeds, including Labradors, can be trained to sniff them out. But as it can be difficult to distinguish between ripe, edible varieties and abnormal plant growths, it's always best to sign up to a foraging course.
When are truffles in season?
The UK's truffle season generally runs from late summer to early winter - with different varieties appearing at different time within this period.
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- October foraging guide: best foods to find and recipe ideas
- November foraging guide: best foods to find and cooking ideas
What does truffle taste like?
Truffles have a rich, deep flavour that is similar to mushrooms. They're sometimes described as having a umami 'savoury' flavour.
Recipe ideas for black truffles
Truffles should be used as soon as possible after collection, preferably on the same day. Clean off any soil, and shave or slice thinly to use. Truffles really don’t go well with strong flavours, so don’t add them to chillies or curries. Instead, use them in simple dishes, such as pasta or scrambled eggs. They also work well in risotto or in creamy sauces served with white meat or fish. If you are lucky enough to find too many to use immediately, preserve some of your bounty by mixing the slices with butter and freezing individual portions in an ice-cube tray.
